Chapter 24 Discussion

What were the long term consequences to European Imperialism in Africa?

Mine.

Coming off of the top of my head, Italy sticks out big time. I did a project on Italian Imperialism in Ethiopia and I am well aware of what happened. After Italy's defeat in the First Italo-Abyssinian War, people started to doubt the government. The economy did not function well for a long time, the overall morale of the people began to dwindle, and they really gained minimal benefits compared to all the lives they lost and the money they spent to attempt to Imperialize the country. The defeat in the First war was almost a direct factor into the Facist Government that ruled the country from the 1920's-1940's.

Wasn't this a question from chapter 25???

Sorry about that! Who was Freud and what did he do? Give a brief summary. What did he conclude about the organization of the mind?

you need to post question.....

MINE!!!

Freud was a man who was interested in dreams and the way the mind works. He questioned childhood innocence by saying that humans are sexual by birth. He also wondered if dreams had a deeper meaning. He concluded that dreams allow a person to experience things that they cannot in real life. It provides them with "freer play".



What is modernism and what drove modernists?

Mine!

Modernism was a complex movement that affected the arts. It was critical of the bourgeois society and values, but was not involved as much with social issue. Modernists were concerned with beauty and new ways of creating art, though many people did not see the beauty in the art they created. The goal of this movement was to express oneself through art that “constantly aspires to the condition of music.” -Essayist Walter Pater.

Question: What challenges did Christianity face during this time period?

Mine!


One of the main challenges Christianity faced during this time was the fact that people were claiming biblical stories to untrue and made up like how Strauss did in “The Life of Jesus”. Many people said that the Bible had no real historical evidence. Also, in many of the countries schools were not being run by the church and the children were not learning the religious teachings.

What was Social Darwinism and how did it affect people during this time?

mine!

Social Darwinism was basically “survival of the fittest”. It was a phrase that many scientists used often to describe human relationships. Other terms associated with social Darwinism are evolutionary ethics. These ideas influenced policy and thought in North America and in Europe.

what was the point of Bismarks Kulturkampf and how did fail against the Catholic Church?

me i guess..

Can i take this one??

Bismarck saw the Catholic church as a threat to the German Unification, so to stop it the "May Laws" were enacted, making every German priest be a university graduate. After Bismarck had gained control of the unification he ended his attacks on the church. It is said this was his "greatest blunder".

question: How did the Contagious Diseases Acts change the view on prostitution in the mid to late 1800's?

Mine!

A: The view on prostitution changed because before, prostitutes were simply there for pleasure. After the Contagious Diseases Act, men realized how infected they could have been. These acts were designed to protect the men, not the women from infection. This made the prostitutes angry because of the terrible working conditions they were already surrounded by. These laws put the women in the male doctors, customers, and police's control. The Ladies National Association for the Repeal of the Contagious Diseases Acts strongly disagreed with the laws, and eventually the outcome was that these acts were repealed.

Q: What were the effects of the progress made in primary education? What, specifically, were the advances? What caused this progress?

I got this one.

In most countries such as Hungary, Britain, Switzerland, and France offered Elementary education, which therefore increased their illiteracy rate to 85% by the 1900's. Also, the new primary education thought more basic skills of reading, writing, and math. This allowed for more productive labor forces. New education also gave women the opportunity to get jobs and work. The rise of more printing machines and work machinery was the reason for this education outburst.

How did the different types of art impact the late 19th century - early 20th century? Which art impacted the most?

Mine.

There were several types of art styles that appeared during the late 19th century and early 20th century. Impressionism was the first, having its origins in Paris. With this style, painters began to depict modern life, focusing on the leisure of the urban middle and lower middle classes. Many of the artists were fascinated with light, color, and unfocused images. Next was postimpressionism, which was made up of mostly the same aspects. The most controversial of the styles, as to the art scholars, was cubism. This style of painting was the modern start of abstract art. There was really no attempt to go beyond two dimensions. Picasso artwork is an example of cubism. These art movements changed how art was percieved, and what its purposes were for.

What is positivism and what effect did it have on the time period, along with the philosphy's founder?

mine!

Science changed greatly in this time period. How did physics change throughout this time period?

Mine.

Many scientists during the 1870's believed in things like the solid atom, mechanic models,and absolute time and space. This changed when a man called Ernst Mach urged scientist not to try and explain the physical world but sensations you feel. This caused a complete change in the theories of what was called "complete" physics. Then in 1895 Wilhelm Roentgen discovered that a form energy could pierce objects. He called them X-rays. Scientist like J.J. Thomson and Ernest Rutherford made assumptions and actually proved that there was a particle called an electron. The theories of Quantum energy, by Max Planck, Relativity, by Albert Einstein, and Uncertainty, By Werner Heisenberg, soon followed after. So physics came through the joint effort of several minds


Question: In what ways did the jobs of women change during this time period?

I'll take this one.

Women became more outgoing since they had the opportunity to go to school and educate themselves. Thus, they became elementary school teachers, writers, administration of charity, and put in charge of clubs for poor youth. In other words, they were given a little bit of power concerning children and their upcoming. They were also given jobs as secretaries for government jobs. It seems as if most of the jobs given to women were too keep things organized rather than being hands on if you will. Later, Feminism became quite popular and women could define their lives rather than depending on their husbands.

Question: Who created Zionism? What is it and why was it created?

mine!

zionism was a minority movement within jewish communities. it was devopled because of the organized anti-semitism that arose in the 1880's. most jewish leaders believed they could only remain safe under legal protections.

what was the the fabianists main goals? who were their leaders?

mine!

The fabianists were Britians most influential socialist group. They wanted major social reform and believed the problems in industry and production could eaisly be solved through peace and democracy.
Their leaders included Sidney Webb, Beatrice Webb, H.G. Wells, Graham Wallas and George Bernard Shaw.

Who was Friedrich Nietzche and what were his beliefs?

mine
Friedrich Nietzsche was a writer that portrayed christianity as a religion that glorified weaknes rather than strength that life required. He also believed that christianity demanded a useless and debilitating sacrifice of the flesh and spirit.

What was positivism and how did effect this time peroid?

Dibs

Positivism was the belief that nothing in science was know for a fact and that the only true things were the observations. Everything in science was just theory. This effected the time period by making people doubt their previously accepted views in the light that they weren't infallible.

QUESTION: What were the characteristics of impressionism and who were the most influential impressionist artists?