Chapter 19 Discussion

What are the mental motivations of Napoleon Bonaparte that inspire him and his endeavors as the master of Europe?

MINE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Napoleon wanted change in Europe. His motivation to take charge was not power-driven, he just wanted to better Europe. He wanted some things to change such as hereditary privelege and the feudal system. However he did want some tradition to stay the same such as the monarchy.

What was Napoleon's motivation for reestablishing christianity in France and therefore improving France's relationship with Spain?

Mine!


Napoleon reinstated Christianity because Pope Pius VII, unlike Pope Pius VI, believed that Christianity worked with the ideas of democracy and equality. Napoleon made a concordat with him which benefited Napoleon in many ways. The concordat allowed the state to choose bishops and made the clergy swear an oath of loyalty to the state. It also forced the clergy who were ok with the revolution and the refractory clergy to resign. The church also had to give up its confiscated property. The concordat basically allowed the state to be over the church which is seen in the Organic Articles.



What was the Continental System and in what ways did it affect Britain's economy?

Mine.

Napolean cut off all British trade, so it definitely hurt their economy because they werent making money from exports and such. It also hurt other countries' economies because Britian wasn't able to buy or sell anything at all. His goal was to take Britian away from the war, because they were fierce competition. Although Napolean had some crazy damage, the British made it through.

What effect did the Romantic art have on the society and what were their views on it?

Mine
Romantic art had a great effect on society. The painters often portrayed scenes from the medieval life. To them the middle ages represented social stability and religious reverence that was disappearing from their own era.




What was the Congress of Vienna and what significance did it have in this time period?

Got It!

The congress of Vienna was formed after Napoleon was exiled to Elba to try and get the situation with France under control. A representative from Britain, Prussian, Russia, and Austria were all present. They restored the French Monarchy and strengthened the states that bordered France so they couldn't expand their territory , Their major contributions went to the balance of powers so someone like Napoleon could not happen again. They would bind together if a nation got out of control. It also compensated territory that was lost to nations. Austria got a part of Northern Italy, Prussia was given areas along the Rhine, and Russia got the part of Poland that Austria didn't own.


Question: What did the Concordat of 1801 do and who was it an agreement between?

mine!

it was between napoleon I and pope pius VI. napoleon got what he wanted the most in this concordat of 1801. the agreement required both the refractory clergy and those who had accepted the revolution resign. their replacements would recieve spritual investiture from the pope, but the state chose the bishops and paid them. the concordat also claimed catholicism as the religion of the great majority of french citizens.

what was the treaty of tilsit who was it between?

Mine.

The Treaty of Tilsit was signed by Napoleon and Tsar Alexander I of Russia on July 7, 1807, after Napoleon had invaded Prussia. They met on rafts in the Nieman River after Alexander did not want to retreat from battle, but also did not want to continue fighting. The Treaty of Tilsit caused Prussia to lose half of its territory to France. Prussia and Russia were now "allied" with France.

Who created Methodism and what are its principles?

mine!

The leader of the methodism movement was John Wesley. Methodism orginated as a revolt against deism and rationalism. It's principles included Christian perfection and heartfelt relgion. They thought there should be an emotional and great attachment to the relgion your salvation experience.

What was the Organic Articles of 1802 and what was its significance?

mine
the Organic articles of 1802 which the government issued on its own authority without consulting the pope. It established supremcy of state over the church.

What was the Hundred days and what was its signifigance?

DIBSSSS

The Hundred Days was known as the period of Napoleon’s return. However, he was defeated by the British and Prussians at Waterloo and was then exiled to Saint Helena. It was the downfall of Napoleon but the rise of the restoration of the French monarchy. There were territorial adjustments, war indemnity and an army of occupations for France.

Question: What is the consulate and how did it affect France?

mine!

The Consulate (which included Napoleon Bonaparte) ended the revolution officialy in France and It reorganized France after the chaos of the revolution. the also suceeded in bringing back the Catholic Religion, after an agreement with Pope Pius XVII (Concordat of 1801). Ultimatly the Consulate gave somewhat control and leadrship to a country that was out of control.

what were some of the great romantic artists of the time and how can you tell that a painting they have painted is in Romantic style?

MINNNNEEEEEE!
The period of Romanticism art which was a backlash against the ideals of the enlightenment was an anti-rational piece of art. It was mostly focused on man vs. nature and seemed to be very rushed and hasty. some of the artists included Hogarth, Friedrich, and Goya.

question: what was the goal of the continental system and what were some of the decrees against shipping?

mine

The Continental System was Napoleon's attempt to stop Britain's export and import trade with Europe and it was placed in two Decrees issued by Napoleon. In November of 1806 he issued the Berlin Decrees, which declared that Britain was in a state of blockade and that no vessel coming directly from Britain or its colonies would be allowed into any port under French control. In March 1807, Napoleon issued the Milan Decrees, which ordered that all ships going into British ports before sailing into French waters were to be confiscated. This meant that any country obeying Britain's Orders in Council were punished by the French.

Question: How did Napoleon influence the development of 19th century Germany?

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Question: What is the signifigance of the Congress of VIenna and what exactly did it do?

I got this one

The Congress of Vienna was assembled in September 1814 and concluded in November 1815. The Congress met to settle French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars, and to discuss the Holy Roman Empire. Congress of Vienna were to prevent recurrence of the Napoleonic Wars and the devastating affects. The group also created ballanced powers, and did much compinsating.


German Georg Wilhelm Friedtich Hegel was a very important philosopher during the Romantic Period. He believed that ideas developed from an evolutionary fashion that involves conflicts. What were some of his predominant ideas, and why did he think these?

mii

Hegel believed that the dominant ideas, which he called thesis, are challenged by the opposing ideas, called antithesis, and what comes of the "clash" is a new thesis, called a synthesis. He believed that world history went through it's patterns because of the idea of each dominant thought having an opposing idea and it was all battles of opposing ideas to determine which was the better idea or more dominant. He also believed that all periods of history were of th same importance because each was necessary for the latter events. Also, all cultures are important to history because they all contribute to the clash of popular ideas.

What was Napoleon's main reason for going into Egypt and fighting the British at the battle of the pyramids?

The main reson for Napoleon attacking egypt was so that he could keep the british from using it for trading. If Napoleon controlled eygpt british ships could not use it as a way to get to asia and their trade would be at serious risk.
Question: What was the quadruple alliance for?

MINEMINEMINE


The Quadruple Alliance, which was between: Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Britain, was mainly renewed to maintain peace and also to pursue victory over France. Unfortunately, they couldn’t accomplish the second goal though, because France was eventually administered into the coalition as the fifth great power, which is kind of ironic. The coalition was a result of the Hundred Days, which was the period of time where Napoleon’s return frightened the great powers; the Quadruple Alliance was mainly made out of fear. It was also an alternative option to the Holy Alliance, which would have the monarchs be in accordance with Christian principles, something of which England abstained and Castlereagh thought it absurd.

How did Germany change and what was the signifigance of that exact change?

Mine!
Germany changed in several ways. First, German nationalism grew. Up until this point, Germany had never been a unified state. When the Romantic Movement began, though, nationalism began to grow. Writers began to highlight the exclusive qualities that separated Germany from other states. They later began to encourage opposition to Napoleon. They felt that France’s growth was dangerous to Germany and must be stopped.

Throughout Napoleon's reign, several coalition's were organized across Europe. Compare the numerous coalitions.

mine!

First Coalition-All of Europe vs. France. It was the first major effort to stop the revolution from spreading outside of France. The monarchies didn't want revolutionist ideas to spread because they didn't want to be the next Louis 16th and Marie Antoinette.

Second Coalition-Great Britain, Russia, Austria, and Prussia.

Third Coalition-Austria, Prussia, and Russia. (Great Britain had already been at war with France for a little bit now so I don't technically count them as part of it.) This was set up after Napoleon crowned himself "King of Italy" which brought Austria into the war joining Great Britain and Russia.

Fourth Coalition-Prussia, Austria, and Russia. This coalition was set up after France established the Confederation of the Rhine after they defeated Austria. Once again they wanted to end Napoleon's empire.

Fifth Coalition-Austria and Great Britain. This was set up to preserve the Hapsburg empire and end the Franco-Austrian peace. It resulted in very, very harsh terms for the Austrians.

Last but certainly not least...
Sixth Coalition-Austria, Prussia, Russia, Great Britain, Portugal, Sweden, Spain, and many German States. Once again, this was set up to end Napoleon for good after his failure in Russia. This time they finally defeated Napoleon and exiled him to the island of Elba in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean.

Is there a difference between the Treaty of Amiens and the Peace of Amiens? Explain why, or why not?

Mineeeee

There isn't really a difference between the Treaty of Amiens and the Peace of Amiens, besides the name. The Treaty of Amiens was signed in March of 1802. It ended the First French Revolution. It also brought peace to Europe, for only about less than a year before war erupted in Europe. Great Britain placed troops where they weren't allowed to, according to the treaty. After that France did the same. Both sides refused to remove troops from territories they had agreed to evacuate. France continued to occupy the Batavian Republic, and Britain never removed its troops from either Egypt or Malta. Then war happened in Europe once again.

Question: How did Religion play a role in the Romantic Period?