Chapter 26 Discussion

Explain the complex alliance systems of WWI.

Well, there is the triple alliance and the triple entente.These were two armed camps in Europe who had several disputes like the morocco crisis. In a nut shell, they had several dsputes that led to all of the countries being pulled into the war because of the mutual defense pacts they had all signed. So, what started as a mere dispute between Austria-Hungary and Serbia evolved into a war.



What caused the U.S. to enter WW1? What effect did this have on the identity of the U.S.?

There were many reasons the U.S. entered wwI. The biggest would probably be the Zimmerman note basically telling Mexico to attack America and Germany would help, this imposed a big threat on America leaving them no choice but to fight. Another bigger reason would be trade; during the war trade between America and allies increased by billions of dollars. A lesser reason we entered the war is the German dictatorship, we beleived all people deserved justice and through propaganda distributed they saw how curel the kaiser was and how barbaric their army was. For America's identity this showed they could be a powerful nation with a powerful army and basically gained them respect.

Why did Schlieffen beleive France was Germany's biggest threat? How would the war have been different if the plan had never been attempted?

I'll take this one.

Schleiffen considered France Germany’s greatest threat because he thought that France would attack if Germany didn’t first. The French Army was also stronger and faster than the Russian one. Schleiffen planned for the German Army to take France out of the war and still get to Russia before it mobilized. His plan would have worked had everything been perfectly coordinated and on time, but it failed, especially when it caused Britain to enter the war. Had this plan not been attempted, Britain may have waited longer to enter the war, and Germany may have been attacked on both sides by the French and the Russians rather than start the war on offense.

Question: How did the Bolsheviks manage to take power from the Provisional government?

mine!

The Bolsheviks rose up to oppose the Provisional government. They were joined by Lenin soon after. When the government unevenly distributed the land, soldiers were upset and the Bolsheviks encouraged them to become educated and seize their land back. The workers eventually did challenge the Provisional government but were defeated. The Provisional government began to have problems after a failed military attempt. The soldiers began to support the workers, not the government. The Bolsheviks had also gained the support of the workers. They used this support and gained the majority in the next election. Lenin then convinced the rest of the party to lead an insurrection. After this revolution, they had gained complete control of the government.

What was the Russo-Turkish War and what effect did it have on the war?

Mine.

The Russo-Turkish War, between 1877-1888, occured due to the "obligations" the Russians felt they had to the Orthodox christians in the Ottoman Empire. Russia and Serbia came to the aid of Christian Slavs in Bosnia, Herzegovina, and Bulgaria. This decision was heavily influenced by Pan-Slavism. To conclude the war, the Treaty of San Stefano was signed. The Ottomans ceded parts of Armenia and Modern Bulgarian territories to Russian Empire. The treaty freed Romania, Serbia and Montenegro from Ottoman rule, and granted autonomy to Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Congress of Berlin was called in 1878 to review the treaty, which concluded with an unhappy Russia. Also, the Balkan states were now upset, which leads to many more conflicts down the road.


Who was Leon Trotsky and what impact did he have on the Russian Revolution of 1917?

mine

Leon Trotsky was V.I. Lenins chief collaborater and he got imprisoned soon after Lenin fled to Finland. When he got released from prison he led the powerful Petrograd soviet.He also organized the coup that occurred on November 6 and it led to an armed assault and a bolshevik takeover of Russia.

What was the second Moroccan crisis and how did it effect Germany?

Mine!

The second Moroccan crisis was when the French sent an army into Morocco in order to gain a protectorate the Germans felt this was the time to protect their interests in gaining profits from the free Congo state. When they attempted to do so they brought in a gunboat called the “panther” which challenged the naval power the British had. In the end the French gave Germany parts of the Congo and then the Germans recognized the French power over Morocco. In the end the Germans were affected by being faced with the challenge of Britain and the French teaming up against them if they ever tried to attack the French again.

what was the Bosnian Crisis and how did it effect the Triple Entente?

I'll take this.

The Bosnian Crisis is where the Russians supported Austria-Hungary annexing Bosnia in return for Austrian backing for the opening of the Dardanelles to Russian warships. Only this did not happen because the Austrians declared annexation before the Russians could act and started a large mess. Germany then assured Austria of their help. Then Russia wanted Britain’s and France’s help but they failed to give help thus straining the powers of the Triple Entente.

What is the League of Nations and what did they do?

Dibs.

The formation of The League of Nations was one of the idealistic principles to keep the peace from the Fourteen Points. It was founded after the ending of the First World War in result of the Paris Peace Conference. As an international organization, some of the primary goals were preventing war through collective security and disarmament, and settling international disputes through negotiation and arbitration.

nevermind that question it had already been ask.

Women of the war began to take part during WWI. What were some of their jobs, duties, etc. of this time period? With this being asked, who was Margareetha Geertruide Zelle?

Mine.


Since the men were out in the battlefield and dying, women took over the work at the factories and in the cities. Women were replacing men, making uniforms for the soldiers, making artillery shells, and other types of ammunition. Pretty much all of the jobs the men held before were being occupied by women because of both the demand of things for the war and the lack of men present to fill the jobs.
Margaretha Geertruida Zelle was a Dutch female who was accused of being a spy for the Germans. She was executed by the French for espionage. She was a well known "exotic dancer" and was accused of killing 50,000 soldiers from the information she was feeding to the Germans as a double agent.


Explain the "Guns of August". What were they and why was it important?

mine.

the gun of august was a book written by barbara tuchman in 1914. it describes in great detail the first month of world war one. including what led up to it and all the countries involved. the book was awarded the pulitzer prize in 1963.

what was the main problem between kaiser william II and bismarck? what did this lead to?

Mine!

Bismark and William were different in the way they did things. William wanted the recognition of at least equality with Britain, but Bismark thought the contrary, who believed the limited continental policy. Bismark once said: "If the British should land on our soil, I should have them arrested." This is a great demonstration of how differently they thought of things, considering William fought for a navy defense against the British being on German ground. All of their disagreements finally led to Bismark pretending that he was going to leave, secretly thinking that William would beg him not to, when in fact he actually wanted him to get outta there. So Bismark retired.

What are some of the main differences between the Red Russians and the White Russians?

The white russians were much more disorganized than the red russians because of the differing political factions within the white russians. Red Russians were extremist socialists and were influnced by the army not by the people or politicians. The red army was bolshevic. THe white army varied from tsarist to mild socialist but recieved support from the US, though they still failed in their attempt to defeat the regimented red army.

What was the economic effect of World War I on Europe?

When the war ended germany had to surrender and they were forced into the LAMP act. Land Army Money and Pride. they were forced to give up all land they occupied and the ruhr land, this was a very industrial part of germany, so germany couldn't produce in its factories so they lost money. there army was cut to less than 1000 so they were left weak. they had to pay 6.6Billion in reparations to britain france and belgium, and even now that's allot of money so the country was in debt. and the german people lost there pride because they had to take the blame for the war.

What were the final settlements of the treaty of Versailles and how did it apply to Germany?

MINE!

The War Guilt Clause that was added to the Treaty of Versailles stated that Germany had to take full responsibility for WWI and had to pay reparations to the European countries, over the next 30 years. This caused Germany to plunge in to a famine and poverty levels rose drastically.


question: Explain the Fourteen Points, stated by Wilson and how they affected Europe.